"override control" refers to a system in process control where an automatic control loop temporarily overrides another automatic control...

Feedforward control is a control strategy where the control action is taken based on the anticipated future behavior of the system,...

Cascade Control in Process Industry: The Theory and Examples Cascade control is a widely used control strategy in the process industry....

WirelessHART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) is a wireless networking standard used in process control and automation systems. It...

LOPA, or Layer of Protection Analysis, is a technique used to evaluate the adequacy of existing protective measures for a specific hazard...

Process control is the measurement of a process variable, the comparison of that variables with its respective set point, and the...

Difference Between Explosion Proof( Exd) and Increased Safety (Exe) Difference between Explosion Proof (Exd) and Increased Safety (Exe):...

Functional safety is the most fundamental to every industry to ensure that the work environment is a place free of hazards. There is an...

HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) Protocol is the global standard for sending and receiving digital information across analog...

Modbus is a data communications protocol originally published by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) in 1979 for use with its programmable...

One of the RTDs is heated by an integrated circuit and functions as the flow sensor, while a second RTD acts as the reference sensor and...

AGA Report No. 9 (also known as AGA 9), flow calibration has been required for all fiscal applications when using gas ultrasonic meters...

Electrical and electronic equipment such as motors, generators, transformers, circuit breakers, fuses, switches, relays, solenoids and...

IEC 61508/IEC 61511 does not mandate any certification The standard only tells about verification, validation and assessment- A process...

SIL Verification using Simplified Equations as per ISA-84 Discussed using examples : Safety Integrity Level or SIL Verification...

Instrumentation Engineering has become one of the major Engineering domains in the 21st Century. With advancement of automation, demand...

The IEC 61511 Standard requires the user to create a Safety Requirements Specification (SRS) for a Safety Instrumented System (SIS) that...

Every system planner and operator of industrial process plants or furnaces is legally obliged to minimize risk by implementing the use of...